Abstract

Transcription Factors and DNA Methylation Changes in Cell Differentiation

Esteban Ballestar, Leader, The Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research

DNA methylation plays a fundamental role in differentiation by driving and stabilizing gene activity states during cell-fate decisions. It is known that transcription factors and epigenetic signatures, particularly DNA methylation, are closely related during cell differentiation. One of the best models for investigating these mechanisms is the hematopoietic differentiation system. Many studies have focused on hematopoiesis in order to learn about the type, distribution and role of epigenetic changes, particularly DNA methylation during differentiation. However, the role of DNA methylation changes and the mechanisms participating in their acquisition in terminal differentiation processes remain elusive. In this presentation, we will show novel data revealing close associations between DNA methylation changes during monocyte to macrophage, osteoclast and dendritic cell differentiation and the involvement of key transcription factors for these differentiation processes. Also, the multiple interactions between some of the involved transcription factors and elements of the epigenetic machinery will be presented. We will discuss the pivotal role of transcription factors in mediating differentiation through their alternative association with both DNA methylating and demethylating enzymes.