Abstract

Nanobiodevices, Quantum Technology, and AI for Future Healthcare

Yoshinobu Baba, Professor, Nagoya University

We have developed nanobiodevices, quantum technology, and AI for biomedical applications and healthcare, including single cancer cell diagnosis for cancer metastasis, circulating tumor cell (CTC) detection by microfluidic devices, nanopillar devices for ultrafast analysis of genomic DNA and microRNA, nanopore devices for single DNA and microRNA sequencing, nanowire devices for exosome analysis, single-molecular epigenetic analysis, AI-powered nano-IoT sensors, quantum switching intra vital imaging of iPS cells and stem cells, and quantum technology-based cancer theranostics. Immuno-wall microfluidic devices realized the fast and low invasive “from blood to analysis” type biomarker detection of cancer with fM detection sensitivity within 2 min.  Additionally, nanopillar nanofluidic devices give us ultrafast separation of DNA and microRNA within 60 µs and nanopillar-nanopore integrated nanobiodevice enables us ultrafast single molecular DNA sequencing.  Nanowire devices are extremely useful to isolate extracellular vesicles from body fluids and vesicle-encapsulated microRNA analysis.  The device composed of a microfluidic substrate with anchored nanowires gives us highly efficient collections of extracellular vesicles in body fluids and in situ extraction for huge numbers of miRNAs (2,500 types) more than the conventional ultracentrifugation method. Nanowire devices gave us the miRNA date for several hundred patients and machine learning system based on these miRNA data enabled us to develop the early-stage diagnosis for lung cancer, brain tumor, pancreas cancer, liver cancer, bladder cancer, prostate cancer, diabetes, heart diseases, and Parkinson disease.  Nanowire-nanopore devices combined with AI (machine learning technique) enable us to develop mobile sensors for SARA-CoV-2, PM2.5, bacteria, and virus in the environment.  Quantum dots and nanodiamonds with nitrogen-vacancy centers are applied to develop quantum-biodevices for single cancer cell diagnosis, single molecular epigenetic analysis, quantum switching intra vital imaging for iPS cell (induced pluripotent stem cells) based regenerative medicine, and quantum photo immuno-therapeutic devices for cancer.