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Understanding Cell-type Specific Regulation of Exosomal Biogenesis

Friday, 19 September 2014 at 18:45

Add to Calendar ▼2014-09-19 18:45:002014-09-19 19:45:00Europe/LondonUnderstanding Cell-type Specific Regulation of Exosomal BiogenesisExosomes and Single Cell Analysis Summit in San Diego, California, USASan Diego, California, USASELECTBIOenquiries@selectbiosciences.com

Exosomes are produced from multivesicular bodies (MVB’s) as a part of the endolysosomal pathway for the maintenance of protein homeostasis in a eukaryotic cell. The molecular and cellular basis of how a cell makes the choice between the degradation of the protein and its secretion via an exosome remains unknown? Based on the thesis that exosomes are produced in response to molecular signals received from outside of the cell, we have proposed that the exosomal cargo (including proteins, nucleic acids and lipids) may exert an important role in the biogenesis of the exosomes. Our studies with human retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), a highly polarized epithelium at the physical and biochemical interface of the blood: retinal barrier, have indicated that aB-crystallin, a cell-type specific small heat shock protein, secreted via exosomes from the RPE is important for exosomal biogenesis; the inhibition of the expression of aB-crystallin (aB), inhibits exosome secretion. We find that the inhibition of exosome secretion is concomitant with the appearance of enhanced endolysomal compartment in these cells. We will discuss how a cell type –specific protein like aB-crystallin may facilitate /regulate physiological decision making between the endolysosomal compartment and exosome secretion.  Understanding the critical steps in exosome biogenesis may allow us to manipulate the molecular content of the exosomal cargo (proteins, nucleic acids).